Internet chap 1

 1. Internet- Internet is a global network of computer networks that enables information to be exchanged. In internet, most computers are not connected directly to the internet. Rather they are connected to smaller networks, which in turn are connected through gateways to the internet backbone. Internet is not governed by any particular body. It is coordinated by many volunteer organizations.

 2. Advantages of Internet- 

• Greater access to information reduces research times.

 • Useful communication links

 • Global reach enables one to connect to anyone on the internet. 

• Easy communication with other people.

 • Publishing documents on the internet saves paper.

 3. Disadvantages of Internet- 

• Cyber frauds may take place involving credit/debit card numbers and details. 

• Computer viruses get downloaded and spread across machines connected to networks and have detrimental effects.

World Wide Web (WWW)- www is a set of programs, standards and protocols that allows the multimedia and hypertext files to be created, displayed and linked on the internet. A large part of the internet is the WWW. This is made up of websites that have one or more web pages.

Web Browser- A web browser is a www client that navigates through the WWW and display web pages. There are two types of browsers

1. Graphical browser:- Text, images, audio and video are retrievable through a graphical software program such as internet explorer, Firefox, Netscape, Mozilla, opera and chrome. 

2. Text only browser- Lynx is a browser that provides access to the web in text only mode. In these days of graphical browsers, it may be hard to believe that Lynx was once very popular.

Web Server- is a WWW server that stores web documents and responds to the requests made by web browsers. 

 Website- A website is a collection of related web pages usually maintained by a single person or organization. 

 Home Page- It is the top level web page of a website. When a website is opened, its homepage is displayed. 

Web Portal- It is a website that presents information from diverse sources. In other words, a web portal has hyperlinks to many other websites. By clicking upon these links, the corresponding websites can be opened. E.g. www.yahoo.com 

Gateway- A gateway is a device that connects dissimilar networks. 

 URL- A location on a net server is a website. Each website has a unique address called Uniform resource locator. E.g. the website of Microsoft has an address or URL. eg http://www.microsoft.com. 

Q1. MCQ

 a. URL stands for……….. 

 i. Uniform resource locator 

ii. Uniform research locator 

 iii. Uniform reform locator

 b. A set of rules is called………. 

 i. Gateway

 ii. Protocol

 iii. Website 

 c. Common language used to create web pages is

 i. Java 

ii. Flash 

iii. HTML 

d. The communication protocol used by Internet is i. TCP/IP 

ii. WWW 

iii. TTP 

 e. Internet is governed by 

 i. I&B 

ii. IETF 

iii. None of these 

 f. Website is a collection of 

 i. HTML documents

 ii. Graphic files 

 iii. All of the above 

Q1. Multiple choice questions:-

i. Google Chrome is a

a. Web Browser   b. Word processor   c. News Website

ii. HTML is a

a. Package   b. Software   c. Markup Language

iii. The first page that you normally view at a website is its:

a. Home page   b. First page   c. Master page

iv. The first network that planted the seeds of Internet was

a. ARPANET   b. Vnet   c. Inet

v. Combination of multimedia and hyperlinks is called

a. Multi-link   b. Hypertext   c. Hypermedia

 

Q2. Name two popular search engines?

Ans2.  Google, Yahoo

 

Q3. What is an ISP? Name one Internet service provider in India.

Ans3. An internet service provider or ISP is a company or business that

         provider access to the internet and related services. In addition to

         internet access they may provide a combination of services  

         including domain name registration and web hosting. Two major   

         ISP’s in India are: VSNL, Reliance.

Q4.    Write five uses of Internet for students? 

Ans4.  1. E learning    2. Blogging  

      3. E mail    4. Entertainment – Watch matches, movies

       5. Play Video games  

   

Q5.    What is a website? 

Ans5. Website is a collection of web pages that is stored in the web 

           server.

Q6. In the URL http://www.myfirm.co.in/about.html

 what do the following stand for 

 a. http b. in 

Ans6.   a http- Hypertext transfer protocol  

             b. in-  India

 Protocol- A set of rules is called protocol. 

❖ TCP (Transmission control protocol)- A protocol developed for the internet to get data from one network device to another. The TCP is responsible for dividing the file/message into packets at source computer and then reassembling them back at destination or recipient computer.

 ❖ HTTP(Hypertext Transfer Protocol)- A protocol utilizing TCP to transfer hypertext requests and information between servers and browsers. The http is an access method used on internet. It is the primary access method for interacting with internet. The http generally works in combination with www. The http is responsible for accessing hypertext documents on world wide web. 

 ❖ SMTP(Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is an Internet standard for electronic mail transmission across internet protocol (IP) networks. 

❖ IP(Internet protocol) is responsible for handling the address of destination computer. 

Intranets- An intranet is a network that exits exclusively within an organization and that is based on internet technology. It delivers an organization’s informational resources to each member’s desktop quickly and inexpensively but protects the information from unauthorized access. 

  Components of web 

addresshttp://www.doonlibrary.org 

a. http/https- Designates that the page was written for the web and may include sound, images, or video as well as text. 

b. www- world wide web

 c. Doon library- The domain name of the website. Typically the name of the sponsor , business, organization or owner of the website.

 d. Org- Domain name suffix indicates type of institution the sponsor or owner.

Q1. What is a protocol? How do protocols affect internet?

Ans1. A protocol is a set of rules governing an operation or application.

            On internet, various protocols play their roles e.g. Network

            Addressing on internet is based upon a protocol called Internet

             protocol. Similarly, a particular location on internet may be

             accessed using HTTP protocol.

Q2. Differentiate between a web browser and web server?

Ans2. A www client is called a web browser and a WWW server is called

           A web server. A web browser navigates through the world wide

           web and displays pages. The web browser requests a page from a

            web server. The web server makes available the desired page to

             web browser.

Q3. What is the difference between an Internet and Intranet?

Ans3. Internet is a computer based world wide information network.

            The internet is composed of a large number of smaller

             Interconnected  networks. An intranet is a network that exists

             exclusively within an organization and that is based on internet

             technology.

Q4. Differentiate between webpage and website?

 Ans4. A web page is a digital document that is linked to the world wide                    web and viewable by anyone connected to the internet having a web                browser.

A website is a collection of related web pages usually maintained by a single person or organization.

Q5. Write the full form of ARPANET?

Ans5. Advanced Research Projects Agency Network.

 

Q6. Name two popular web browsers?

Ans6. Google chrome, Internet explorer

 

Q7. State three features of WWW?

Ans7. 1. User friendly- WWW resources can work easily with most

                Internet browsers, which are very user friendly.

            2. Multimedia documents- WWW allows and supports the

                  Internet users to create, link or display these multimedia

                   Web pages.

             3. Interactive- WWW with its pages, supports and enables

                  Interactivity between users and servers through one or

                  more ways i.e. hyperlinks, input boxes etc.

 

  Q8. What is the role of TCP/IP in transferring data over the  internet?

  Ans8. The TCP is responsible for dividing the file/message into packets  

             at source computer and then reassembling them back at  

             destination or recipient computer.  IP(Internet protocol) is

              responsible for handling the address of destination computer.